# MotorSignal — Telemetry Validation & Quality Model

This document outlines the validation rules, confidence algorithms, and diagnostic flags used to evaluate telemetry samples in MotorSignal.

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## 1. Validation Statuses

Every sample processed by `TelemetryValidator` is assigned one of three strongly typed statuses:

| Status | Definition | Action Taken |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **`VALID`** | Sensor readings satisfy all physical plausibility, continuity, and accuracy requirements. | Stamped with high confidence; used for real-time UI, database history, and personal records. |
| **`SUSPECT`** | Minor anomalies detected (e.g. degraded GPS accuracy $>35\text{m}$, sample gap $>2\text{s}$, roll rate $>180^\circ/\text{s}$). | Allowed for map rendering, but confidence is discounted ($<0.60$) and ignored for personal records. |
| **`REJECTED`** | Impossible physical values (e.g. speed $>220\text{ MPH}$, acceleration $>25\text{ m/s}^2$, NaN/Infinity, position teleportation $>110\text{ m/s}$). | Flagged with $0.0$ confidence, logged to black box diagnostics, and blocked from personal records. |

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## 2. Validation Checks & Thresholds

### A. Numeric Sanity
* Any sample containing `NaN` or `Infinity` in latitude, longitude, speed, lean, pitch, or G-forces is immediately `REJECTED`.

### B. Timestamp Continuity & Gap Detection
* **Normal Delta**: $50\text{ms}$ ($\pm 20\text{ms}$).
* **Gap Threshold**: $\Delta t > 300\text{ms}$ increments the `timestampGapCount`.
* **Severe Gap**: $\Delta t > 2000\text{ms}$ marks the sample as `SUSPECT` with a baseline reset warning.

### C. GPS Accuracy & Position Teleportation
* **Accuracy $\le 5\text{m}$**: GPS Confidence = $1.0$.
* **Accuracy $\le 15\text{m}$**: GPS Confidence = $0.85$.
* **Accuracy $\le 35\text{m}$**: GPS Confidence = $0.60$ (`SUSPECT`).
* **Accuracy $> 35\text{m}$**: GPS Confidence = $0.25$ (`SUSPECT`).
* **Teleportation**: If distance between consecutive fixes $> 50\text{m}$ at derived speed $> 110\text{ m/s}$, the sample is marked `REJECTED`.

### D. Vehicle Dynamics & Physical Limits
* **Maximum Speed**: $220\text{ MPH}$ ($100\text{ m/s}$).
* **Maximum Acceleration**: $25\text{ m/s}^2$ ($\approx 2.5\text{g}$).
* **Maximum Lean Angle**: $65.0^\circ$ (MotoGP knee/elbow down physical limit).
* **Maximum Roll Rate**: $180^\circ/\text{s}$ (flags loose mount or dropped phone).
* **IMU Saturation**: Raw acceleration $> 120\text{ m/s}^2$ flags sensor saturation.

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## 3. Telemetry Confidence Scoring

The composite telemetry confidence is calculated as:

$$\text{Overall Confidence} = 0.40 \cdot C_{\text{GPS}} + 0.30 \cdot C_{\text{Speed}} + 0.20 \cdot C_{\text{Lean}} + 0.10 \cdot C_{\text{G-Force}}$$

Personal records and performance timing require $\text{Overall Confidence} \ge 0.65$ and `ValidationStatus.valid`.